10,000 Soldiers Die in Tyrol From Avalanches During World War I

During World War I, a battle waged between Austro-Hungarian and Italian soldiers amidst the cold, snowy, mountainous region of South Tyrol. While freezing cold and enemy fire were obviously dangerous, even more deadly were the heavily snow-padded peaks that surrounded the troops. Avalanches brought tons of snow and rock down these mountains, killing at an estimated 10,000 Austro-Hungarian and Italian soldiers in December 1916. Italy Enters World War I When World War I began after the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand  in June 1914, countries across Europe stood by their allegiances and declared war to support their own allies. Italy, on the other hand, did not. According to the Triple Alliance, first formed in 1882, Italy, Germany, and Austro-Hungary were allies. However, the terms of the Triple Alliance were specific enough to allow Italy, who had neither a strong military nor a powerful navy, to shirk their alliance by finding a way to remain neutral at the beginning of World War I. As the fighting continued into 1915, the Allied Forces (specifically Russia and Great Britain) began to woo the Italians into joining their side in the war. The lure for Italy was the promise of Austro-Hungarian lands, specifically a contested, Italian-speaking area in Tyrol, located in south-western Austro-Hungary. After more than two months of negotiations, the Allied promises were finally enough to bring Italy into World War I. Italy declared war on Austro-Hungary.on May 23, 1915. Getting the Higher Position With this new declaration of war, Italy sent troops north to attack Austro-Hungary, while Austro- Hungary sent troops to the southwest to defend itself. The border between these two countries was located in the mountain ranges of the Alps, where these soldiers fought for the next two years. In all military struggles, the side with the higher ground has the advantage. Knowing this, each side tried to climb higher into the mountains. Dragging heavy equipment and weaponry with them, soldiers climbed as high as they could and then dug in.   Tunnels and trenches were dug and blasted into the mountainsides, while barracks and forts were built to help protect the soldiers from the freezing cold. Deadly Avalanches While contact with the enemy was obviously dangerous, so were the frigid living conditions. The area, regularly icy, was particularly so from the unusually heavy snowstorms of the 1915-1916 winter, which left some areas covered in 40 feet of snow. In December 1916, the explosions from tunnel-building and from fighting took its toll for the snow began to fall off the mountains in avalanches. On December 13, 1916, a particularly powerful avalanche brought an estimated 200,000 tons of ice and rock on top of an Austrian barracks near Mount Marmolada. While 200 soldiers were able to be rescued, another 300 were killed. In the following days, more avalanches fell on troops -- both Austrian and Italian. The avalanches were so severe that an estimated 10,000 troops were killed by avalanche during December 1916. After the War These 10,000 deaths by avalanche did not end the war. Fighting continued into 1918, with a total of 12 battles fought in this frozen battlefield, most near the Isonzo River. When the war did end, the remaining, cold troops left the mountains for their homes, leaving much of their equipment behind.

The Future Challenges Facing Health Care in the Us

The Future Challenges Facing Health Care in the United States Gregrey McDaniel Professor: Manuel Johnican, PhD Strayer University HSA 500 11 June 2011 Identify and describe at least three of the most difficult issues facing health care in the United States today. One of the most difficult issues facing the United States health care system is combating diseases. Even with mortality rates continuing to decrease and with life expectancy rates continuing to increase, these trends are masking concerns with specific diseases, injuries, and population groups. The diseases that still give us a formidable challenge include many varieties of cancer, some kinds of infectious diseases, and influenza. The second difficult issue†¦show more content†¦There is no universal fix to the complexities of each country and what they face with regards to their health care needs. Health care is a fundamental need among all peoples. Each country will have to work on solving the disparities that exist in access of care, funding of care, and availability of care. Because we now find ourselves facing the dilemma of fighting many infectious disea ses once thought to be under control, we must work with all countries around the world. Every country faces the potential of an outbreak of a disease like SARS or a terrorism strike involving biological or chemical agents. Global initiatives to improve the health of nations across the board regardless of resources in these nations will benefit all. We need to continue with consistent and comprehensive measures to ensure health equity to all (Williams Torrens, 2010). Describe the ethical challenges we face in the future in health services as it relates to health care reform in the United States. 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Aerospace Engineering for Elastic and Inertial - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAerospace Engineering for Elastic and Inertial Forces. Answer: Aeroelasticity is a branch of engineering and physics which studies the interaction between the elastic, aerodynamic and inertial forces which occurs the moment an elastic body is exposed to a flowing fluid. Aeroelasticity can be grouped into two categories(Bisplinghoff, 2013): Dynamic static Static Aeroelasticity; Deals with static or steady response of the elastic body to a flowing fluid. Dynamic aeroelastic deals with the typical vibrations of the body response to the flow of fluids. The schematic diagram below shows the interactions of the various forces. Importance of Aeroelasticity The interaction of the three forces which are mentioned above can be the root cause of several phenomena which are undesirable such as: Divergence static aeroelastic Flutter (dynamic aeroelastic) Limit Cycle Oscillation (nonlinear aeroelastic ) Vortex shedding, galloping, buffering unsteady aerodynamic) Divergence static aeroelastic Static divergence in most cases occurs when a lifting surface deflects under the aerodynamic load to increase the amount of the load which is applied. Flutter Fluttering refers to the dynamic instability of an elastic body in a fluid flow which is caused by the positive feedback between the deflections 0f the body and the force which is exerted by the flowing fluid(Halfman, 2014). In aircrafts flutter occurs when the aircraft surfaces mostly the wings interacts with the air flowing past it. The wing will increase the in amplitude until it breaks .For instance flutter which was excited on the US Air force in 1997 September leafing it to crash. References Bisplinghoff, R. L. (2013). Aeroelasticity. London: Courier Corporation,. Halfman, R. L. (2014). An Introduction to the Theory of Aeroelasticity. Texas: Courier Dover Publications.

Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody Review Essay Example

Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody Review Paper Essay on Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody The word parody in the literal translation from Greek means perepesn (our ear close rehash) Its really a good parody -. It is always great because its funny. Laughing people always loved, so the first parody appeared in antiquity (a wonderful War of mice and frogs a parody, or parody, scientists have not yet decided on the Iliad), and develops the genre to this day this book is distinguished by the fact that is both educational and fun, that, believe my experience, is extremely rare Among the many anthologies of satire and humor. Not to be unfounded, look at the table of contents: Heirs Hipponax, Mystics and hoaxer (its about the symbolists), The poet went for cigarettes (a parody of Balmonota), Grimaces Beautiful Lady, tricks in the tower Ladies and gentlemen, on Parnassus (this is about Acmeists), Halubye eggs (of course, to the Futurists), etc. for a list of prompts that: read you will not regret indeed, the book is a unique We will write a custom essay sample on Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Russian literature of XX century in the mirror of the parody Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When partitioning compiler of the anthology does not adhere to a single principle: one of the chapters devoted to the work of the famous parodist Such as Izmailov, Vienna, Arkhangelsk, others contain a parody of a certain literary trend or one of the writers in a separate section allocated adaptations of classic works, for example, a rehash of Eugene Onegin by Alexander Khazin: In the tram. sits our Eugene. Oh, the poor dear man! Do not know these movements His unenlightened age. Eugene Fate kept, He was only a foot trod, And the only time pushed into the stomach. He said: Idiot » He, recalling the ancient orders, I decided to uelyu to end the dispute, reached into his pocket But someone stole For a long time his gloves, In the absence of such Onegin held his tongue and fell silent. Im a fan of constant Parnassus on end and the famous goats and Waverley, happy to read the chapter The scientific fun. Well, parody AI Kuprina on AM Bitter and IA Bunin, placed in Acid stories always thought very funny and stylistically accurate. Each section is accompanied by an introductory article that characterizes creativity parodist or calling creativity of a writer in the parodic context. Realize that such a parody, help, and two articles by famous literary critics, Tynyanov and O. Freudenberg, placed in Laughter is the joy. The book ends with a detailed commentary. Read anyone who likes funny books about literature!